Measures
Aligning climate ambition with the national conditional NDC target
Substantial reductions in energy demand and emissions have been achieved in the SET scenario through energy efficiency improvement measures as well as via the proposed distributed mini-grid renewable energy generation. These measures have allowed emission intensity reduction of 37 per cent (compared with the 2005 base level) to be achieved by 2030, in alignment with the national unconditional NDC target.
NEXSTEP analysis explores the possibility of reaching greater levels of ambition – aligning the region’s emission reduction with the national conditional NDC target. In the CNDC scenario, the NEXSTEP analysis explores the possible power sector decarbonization pathway that Iskandar Malaysia may undertake in order to achieve the climate goals (figure 20). NEXSTEP analysis suggests that an additional localised renewable energy generation of 4,981 GWh is required. This reduces the need for purchased (grid) electricity, which is assumed to have a grid electricity emission factor of 0.672 kgCO2/kWh in 2030. This raises the total RE generation from within the city boundary to 7.5 TWh, or 35.6 per cent of total electricity requirements, out of which 6,841 GWh is from solar PV.
Solar PV power technology is considered the most appropriate RE technology for Iskandar Malaysia. As noted in subsection 3.4, Iskandar Malaysia enjoys an average solar irradiation of 1,575 kWh/m2 per annum, leading to a high level of solar energy generation potential of 47.8 TWh per year. The expected generation from solar PV – 6,841 GWh – is well within the available yield. Vacant land alone within the Iskandar Malaysia boundary has the potential to cater for the required capacity installation; however, Iskandar Malaysia may consider promoting the uptake of solar PV rooftop installations. Such a strategy will reduce the financial burden on the local authorities from installing mini-grids. Assuming a capacity factor of 19.6 per cent, an additional solar PV capacity of 2,901 MW is required to meet the generation target.
Substantial reductions in energy demand and emissions have been achieved in the SET scenario through energy efficiency improvement measures as well as via the proposed distributed mini-grid renewable energy generation. These measures have allowed emission intensity reduction of 37 per cent (compared with the 2005 base level) to be achieved by 2030, in alignment with the national unconditional NDC target.
NEXSTEP analysis explores the possibility of reaching greater levels of ambition – aligning the region’s emission reduction with the national conditional NDC target. In the CNDC scenario, the NEXSTEP analysis explores the possible power sector decarbonization pathway that Iskandar Malaysia may undertake in order to achieve the climate goals (figure 20). NEXSTEP analysis suggests that an additional localised renewable energy generation of 4,981 GWh is required. This reduces the need for purchased (grid) electricity, which is assumed to have a grid electricity emission factor of 0.672 kgCO2/kWh in 2030. This raises the total RE generation from within the city boundary to 7.5 TWh, or 35.6 per cent of total electricity requirements, out of which 6,841 GWh is from solar PV.
Solar PV power technology is considered the most appropriate RE technology for Iskandar Malaysia. As noted in subsection 3.4, Iskandar Malaysia enjoys an average solar irradiation of 1,575 kWh/m2 per annum, leading to a high level of solar energy generation potential of 47.8 TWh per year. The expected generation from solar PV – 6,841 GWh – is well within the available yield. Vacant land alone within the Iskandar Malaysia boundary has the potential to cater for the required capacity installation; however, Iskandar Malaysia may consider promoting the uptake of solar PV rooftop installations. Such a strategy will reduce the financial burden on the local authorities from installing mini-grids. Assuming a capacity factor of 19.6 per cent, an additional solar PV capacity of 2,901 MW is required to meet the generation target.
Group
Scenario